Different types of government use different language. A short treaty from Athens provides an example of this from the ancient world.

Scholarship has tended to downplay the promiscuity of Etruscan women as described by Greek sources. But with evolving modern sexual sensibilities, perhaps a different approach is required.

During the Early Iron Age, the peoples of Central Italy sometimes placed the ashes of the dead in urns modelled after huts or houses.

The eighth century BC was a time of great change in the Early Iron Age Aegean. One of these changes is exemplified by the reorganization of settlements on the Cycladic island of Andros.

The Allard Pierson and Royal Ontario Museums together possess a unique hoard of Hellenistic clay sealings from Edfu in Egypt.

An unusual coin shows the power of images as Julian the Apostate clashes with the unruly people of Antioch.

In the heart of Costa Rica lies an archaeological site known as Guayabo de Turrialba, the principal city of a pre-Columbian civilization.

This book by the late Bruce Trigger offers a fascinating comparative analysis of seven early complex societies or “civilizations”.

We take a closer look at a realistic portrait of a Roman Republican couple from ca. 30 BC, identified as Publius Aiedius Amphio and his wife.

In the 1980s, excavations in Paroikia, the capital of the Cycladic island Paros, revealed the mass cremation burial of dozens of young men. It is believed to be the earliest Greek polyandrion, a grave for war dead.